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Exclusive: Europeans tried to block IMF debt report on
Greece: sources
BRUSSELS | BY PAUL TAYLOR
REUTERS/CHRISTIAN
HARTMANN
Euro zone countries tried in vain to stop the
IMF publishing a gloomy analysis of Greece's debt burden which the leftist
government says vindicates its call to voters to reject bailout terms, sources
familiar with the situation said on Friday.
The document released in Washington on Thursday said
Greece's public finances will not be sustainable without substantial debt
relief, possibly including write-offs by European partners of loans guaranteed
by taxpayers.
It also said Greece will need at least 50 billion euros in
additional aid over the next three years to keep itself afloat.
Publication of the draft Debt Sustainability Analysis
laid bare a dispute between Brussels and the Washington-based global lender
that has been simmering behind closed doors for months.
Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras cited the report in a
televised appeal to voters on Friday to say 'No' to the proposed austerity
terms, which have anyway expired since talks broke down and Athens defaulted on
an IMF loan this week.
It was not clear whether an arcane IMF document would
influence a cliffhanger poll in which Greece's future in the euro zone is at stake with banks closed, cash
withdrawals rationed and commerce seizing up.
"Yesterday an event of major political importance
happened," Tsipras said. "The IMF published a report on Greece's economy which is a great vindication for the
Greek government as it confirms the obvious - that Greek debt is not
sustainable."
At a meeting on the International Monetary Fund's board
on Wednesday, European members questioned the timing of the report which IMF
management proposed at short notice releasing three days before Sunday's
crucial referendum that may determine the country's future in theeuro zone, the
sources said.
There was no vote but the Europeans were heavily
outnumbered and the United States, the strongest voice in the IMF, was in favor
of publication, the sources said.
The Europeans were also concerned that the report could
distract attention from a view they share with the IMF that the Tsipras
government, in the five months since it was elected, has wrecked a fragile economy that was just starting to recover.
"It wasn't an easy decision," an IMF source
involved in the debate over publication said. "We are not living in an
ivory tower here. But the EU has to understand that not everything can be
decided based on their own imperatives."
The board had considered all arguments, including the
risk that the document would be politicized, but the prevailing view was that
all the evidence and figures should be laid out transparently before the
referendum.
"Facts are stubborn. You can't hide the facts
because they may be exploited," the IMF source said.
IMF spokeswoman Angela Gaviria declined comment on this
report.
POLITICALLY ANATHEMA
Greek Finance Minister Yanis Varoufakis said in a blog
post the IMF had upheld the Syriza party government's contention for the last
five months that debt relief should be at the center of the negotiations.
"Puzzlingly, all this fine research by the good
people at the IMF suddenly evaporates when IMF functionaries coalesce with
their ECB and the European Commission colleagues in order to impose upon our
government their chosen policies," he wrote.
The IMF argues that Greece's debt burden of nearly 185
percent of gross domestic product can only be made sustainable if the euro zone provides considerable extra financing
through a mixture of new loans and a debt restructuring.
This is politically anathema in Germany,
the biggest creditor country, and most other euro
zone states, where no leader
wants to explain to taxpayers that the money they lent to Athens will never be
coming back.
Euro zone governments
insisted in five months of talks this year that a lengthening of loan
maturities and a reduction in interest rates would only be considered after Greece had implemented its commitments under
a 2012 bailout deal, including painful structural reforms and public spending
cuts.
In Brussels, the way the IMF communicated the findings
was seen as confusing, misleading and politically unhelpful.
The European Commission had produced its own debt
sustainability analysis, based partially on IMF data, which is less pessimistic
in its scenarios and is one of the documents mentioned on the Greek referendum
ballot paper.
Diplomats said the IMF's publication of the study was a
way of making clear it would only be part of any future loan pact with Greece if the Europeans included debt relief
in the mix.
Germany and
its north European allies have said the IMF's presence is indispensable both to
win parliamentary backing for aid for any euro
zone partner, and to keep the
European institutions honest. Berlin suspects the European Commission of being
too soft on Greek efforts to wriggle out of reforms of pensions, taxation,
public sector wages and labor law.
The European Central Bank, the third partner in what used
to be called the "troika" of bailout enforcers, is also keen to keep
the IMF involved.
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